Method of and means for packing biscuit



No. 62I,974. Patented Mar. 28, I899. F. M. PETERS.

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR PACKING BISCUIT, GRAGKERS, OR THE LIKE.

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llnrrnn STATES PATENT @rrrcn.

FRANK M. PETERS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR PACKING BlSCUlT, CRACKERS, OR THE' LIKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 621,974, dated March 28, 1899.

Application filed November 28, 1898. Serial No. 697,661. (No model.)

T (0% whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, FRANK M. PETERS, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of and Means for Packing Biscuits, Crackers, or the Like, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved method of and means for packing biscuits, crackers, and other articles, and has for its object to provide an inexpensive package whereby bakery goods of this description may be kept fresh and in proper condition for consumpt-ion by effectually excluding moisture therefrom and whereby the goods will be firmly packed and held and thereby prevented from rattling and breaking in the package.

Heretofore substantially air-tight and moisture-proof metallic cases or boxes have been employed for the purpose of preserving the freshness of biscuit or the like; but the use of these cases involves considerable expense, and they have only been employed in conjunction with the highest-priced goods, their cost being too great to permit their use with less expensive goods. It has been customary heretofore to pack these less expensive goods in cartons or paper boxes, and in some cases these cartons or boxes have been provided with a lining of what is known as waxed or paraffined paper; but in such packages as heretofore constructed this lining has-not been so disposed as to close the-openings or folds of the box and has itself presented openings through which the moisture has had direct access to the contents of the package. By reason of these facts such comparatively inexpensive packages have failed to protect the goods from moisture, and they have quickly lost their freshness.

It is the primary object of my invention to obviate these difficulties and to provide a package which at an expense practically no greater than that of the ordinary lined carton package will effectually protect the goods and preserve their freshness.

A further object is to provide a package of this character which in its assembling or making up will be tightly drawn around the goods, and will therefore firmly hold the same and prevent looseness and consequent breakage.

' of the lining.

, To these ends my invention consist-s in oer tain novel features, which I will now proceed to describe and will then particularly point out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a plan view of a carton or paperbox blank of a form adapted for use in carrying out my invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view illustrating the application to the blank shown in Fig. 1 of the lining-sheet of protective paper. Fig. 3 is a plan view illustrating the further development of the package, the crackers being shown in place and the front flaps of the blank and lining being turned up. Fig. 4 is a View similar to Fig. 3, illustrating the further development of the package, the first end flaps of the blank and lining being folded in. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4:, showing the second end flaps turned up. Fig. 6 is a front elevation showing the back and its associated parts turned up. Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the structure in the position of the parts shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a View similar to Fig. 7, showing the third or last end flaps turned forward into place and interlocked with the other end flaps. Fig. 9 is a front elevation of the package with the parts in the position shown in Fig.8. Fig. 10 is a perspective View illustrating the further development of the package by the folding down of the front top flap of the lining. Fig. 11 is a front elevation illustrating the further development of the package by the folding down of the end top flaps of the blank and lining Fig. 12 is a plan view of the package with the last flap of the lining turned down and ready to tuck in. Fig. 13 is a perspective View showing the package in the state of development illustrated in Fig. 12, but with the top of the blank and tucking-flap turned down ready to tuck in. Fig. 14 is a plan view of the package complete. Fig. 15 is an end view of the package with the end flaps of the carton removed to show the folds of the end portion Fig. 16 is a central transverse section of the package. Fig. 17 is a plan View of the lining, the lines of fold made therein in forming the package being indicated in dotted lines; and Fig. 18 is a perspective view of that portion of the completed package comprising the lining, the carton being omitted. Fig. 19 is a transverse sectional view, enlarged, through the end of the box, showing the end wall of the carton, its.

interlocked flaps, and the interfolded lining. Fig. 20 is a perspective view of the package partially completed by the aid of a former, the latter being shown therein; and Fig. El is a transverse sectional view through the partially-completed package and the former.

In carrying out my invention 1 provide a blank of pastcboard, strawboard, or other sheet material of sufficient thickness and strength to properly protect the contents of the box or carton made from such blank. This blank may be of any suitable form which is adapted for the purpose of beingfolded up into a box or carton and is provided with overlapping.ends,which are folded over and interlocked with each other to form the ends of the box. In connection with such a blank I employ a sheet of thin flexible paper, preferably a moisture and grease proofpaper, such as what is known as waxed or paraffined paper and which is thin and flexible yet strong. This sheet is of a width equal to the width of the blank and of a length at least equal to the length of the body of the blank plus the width of the top of the completed box or carton, and since the tuck-flap of the blank is usually about equal to this surplus width the sheet may be said to be substantially equal both in width and length to the QXtl'Qll'lG corresponding dimensions of the blank. sheet is laid upon the blank, and the two, both sheet and blank, are then folded around the crackers, the lining-sheet being next to the crackers and being folded along with the blank, its lateral edges being thereby interfolded into the spaces between the end flaps of the box, while its front and back edges and the end portions of the lateral edges are folded over the crackers and over each other and firmly held in place by the top and tuck flaps ot' the box. By this method of production a package is formed in which the crackers or biscuit are inclosed in a complete protective envelop of paper withoutany .direct openings through which air or moisture may have access to the contents of the package, and are further inclosed in a paper box or carton,with the ends of which the protective envelop is so interfolded as to effectually close these ends and at the same time prevent any movement of the lining relatively to the box or carton. Moreover, in this folding of the two parts-to wit,the blank and the sheet of lining-around the crackers the lining is drawn tightly around these latter and held in that position, so as to firmly hold the crackers together and prevent relative movement and consequent breakage of these latter.

I will now proceed to describe a package embodying my invention in one form and the method of making the same, it being understood that the particular form of blank set forth is employed merely for purposes of illustration and that any other well-known form The of blank adapted to be folded to form. a box or carton by the overlapping and interlocking of its parts maybe employed.

A indicates a box-blank, of which a is the front section, b the bottom section, 0 the back section, (I the top section, and e the tuck-flap. The front section a has at its ends end flaps at, having slits (L2. The bottom section b has at its ends end flaps Z), which are cut away so as to overlap or fold upon the end flaps a and leave the slits (L2 exposed. The back section 0 has end flaps 0, provided with tongues 0 adapted to enter the slits a Attached to these end laps c are top flaps d, which are severed or disconnected from the body of the blank. It will be understood, of course, that the various lines of fold of the blank will be scored or indented in the usual manner to facilitate folding.

B indicates the sheet of protective paper, preferably waxed or paraffined paper, which forms the lining of the box. This sheet is laid upon the flat blank A in the manner shown in Fig. 2, so that it projects at thelower or front edge thereof to an extent about equal to the width from back to front of the completed box. The crackers or biscuit are then placed upon the bottom section Z), or rather upon the sheet or lining B, immediately over the said bottom section, it being understood, of course, that the carton and sheet are always properlyproportioned to the size of the biscuit or crackers to be packed. These latter may be held in position by hand, or they may he held in place by a suitable hollow holder or formerof thin metal, which may be withdrawn at the proper time. After the crackers are in place the blank and sheet are folded up against'the crackers along the line 1 1 of Figs. 2 and 17, whereupon the parts will be in the position shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. The end flaps a a are then folded over against the ends of the crackers or of the former containing them, the sheet or lining being folded along with them and the marginal portions of the sheet being creased or folded along the diagonal lines 2 2 of Figs. 2 and 17. The parts will now be in the position shown in Fig. 4 ofthe drawings, the crackers being inclosed at the bottom, front, and both ends. The end flaps Z) are next brought up against the ends of the crackers, at the same time folding up against said ends the triangular double flaps of the lining seen at each end of the body of crackers in Fig. 4. The back section 0 of the blank is then brought up against the crackers, the lining being at the same time folded along with the blank along the line 3 3 and being creased along the diagonal lines 3 4, as shown in Figs. 6 and 17 of the drawings. The parts are now in the position shown in Figs. (3 and 7 of the drawings. The end flaps c are then folded in against the ends of the partially-formed box, the lining being folded in at the same time, the folding occurring along the lines 3 5 of Figs. 6 and 17 of the drawings, and the tongues c are engaged with the slits (t in the manner shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings. During this operation the triangular double folds of the lining seen at each end of the partially-form ed body of the box in Fig. 6 are folded in against said ends, and the ends of the box being now practically completed it will be seen that not only is there a complete thickness of lining-paper lying directly against the crackers, but there are double-folded continuously-joined portions of said lining-sheet interfolded between each pair of end flaps of the box. The parts are now in the position shown in Figs. 8 and 9 of the drawings, the crackers being completely inclosed not only by the carton, but by a continuously-joined envelop of the lining-paper at their bottom, front, back, and ends, the top only of the package being open. If a former or holder be employed for holding the crackers while being packed, it is now withdrawn. That portion of the lining-sheet which projects upward at the front of the box is then folded down over the top of the crackers, the fold taking place along the line 6 6 of Fig. 17, and the marginal portions of the lining being creased or folded along the diagonal lines o 7. (Shown in said figure.) The structure is now in the condition shown in the perspective view illustrated in Fig. 10 of the drawings, and the crackers are completelyinclosed, except along a line at the back of the top of the box. The top flaps d are next folded down upon the top of the crackers,'the lining being folded along with them and the upstanding portion of said lining being creased or folded along the diagonal lines 8 8, (shown in Fig. 17 of the drawings,) the resulting condition of the structure being that shown in Fig. 11 of the drawings. The triangular upstanding flap thus formed is folded down over the crackers along its base-line, as indicated in Figs. 12 and 13, and the projecting tip may be creased or folded along the line 9 9 and forced down into the space between the lining-paper and the front of the box. This forcing down or tucking in of the front end of the lining may be effected, as indicated in Fig. 12, by the act of inserting the tuck-flap c in the space between the paper lining and the front of the box, as indicated in Fig. 13, and this action will complete the drawing of the paper lining tightly around the crackers, so as to hold them firmly in place. The resulting package is one in which the crackers are completely enveloped and inclosed-in a protective envelop of paper,'preferably waxed or paraffined paper, which is moisture-proof and grease-proof,without any openings which may gap and admit moist air to the contents, and this envelop is interfolded with the various flaps and sections of the paper box or carton, within which it and the crackers are inclosed in such a manner that the interfolded portions of the lining-sheet close the spaces between the flaps of the box or vcarton and more effectually protect the contents thereof,

while at the same time both the lining-sheet and box or carton are so interfolded as to form, in effect, a unitary structure, it being impossible for the lining to move relatively to the box or carton and the two holding the crackers firmly in place and preventing movement and consequent breakage of these latter. The completeness with which the lining-sheet envelops the contents of the package when folded up in the manner described along with the box-blank may be seen from an inspection of Fig. 18 of the drawings, which illustrates the shape into which the liningsheet is folded in folding it up along with the box-blank, the box, however, or pasteboard. portions of the package being omitted to render the illustration more clear.

As already stated, the particular form of box-blank shown is chosen merely for-purposes -of illustration, and other well-known forms of folding box-blanks may be employed in its stead. Moreover, even with the particular form of blank shown, the precise order of foldingin the several parts may be varied, it being only essential for the purposes ofmy invention that the lining-sheet shall be folded along with the blank and interfolded with the parts of this latter. If it be deemed desirable, the lining-sheet may be secured to the box-blank before folding by means of a suitable paste applied between the two along such lines or at such places as may be deemed necessary.

While I have described myimproved package and method of making same as applied more particularly to the packing of biscuit, crackers, or the like, it is obvious that the same package and method may be employed for other articles-as, for instance, lard and similar compounds-and in such a case the character of the protective lining of paper will vary according'to the character of the article to be protected, being either moisture-proof or moisture and grease proof, or having other characteristics, such as the circumstances may require. In the case where the package is used for crackers or other similar bakery goods a moisture and grease proof lining is desirable, and for this purpose, as well as for general use, I prefer to employ what is known as waxed or paraffined paper, which is both moisture and grease proof, although any equivalent paper adapted to be folded in the manner set forth may be substituted therefor. In view of these and other obvious modifications I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself strictly to the precise details hereinbefore set forth.

While I have described and prefer to employa method of packing wherein the crackers or other articles are themselves placed upon the lining-sheet and inclosed by the folding of said sheet and the box-blank, and while the crackers or other articles to be packed may be held in any convenient way other than by means of the hollow former mentioned, I prefer to use such hollow former,

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and the same and its method of use are clearly shown in Fig. 20, wherein the hollow former is shown as a bottomless box 0, preferably of sheet metal, with thin walls, so that when the former is withdrawn but little space will be left, not enough to interfere with the tight closing of the package. The crackers orother article or articles to be packed maybe placed within the lower portion of this hollow former, which is preferably of such height as to enable the protective sheet or lining to have its folds sharply defined by the act of folding, and this former is withdrawn, leaving the goods in place when the folding operation has proceeded to that stage shown in Fig. 20. In

Fig. 21 I have shown a cracker D in elevation and in the position it would occupy relative to the former and the bottom of the box or carton. The hollow former may be used to aid in forming the package without having the goods contained therein, and of course a solid former might be similarly employed and the goods charged into the open box after the former is withdrawn and the folding completed over the goods themselves.

I claim 1. The herein-described method of packing biscuit, crackers or the like, which consists in completely enveloping the same in an uncut or continuous lining or protective sheet and an outer sheet or blank of heavier but flexible material provided with marginal flaps, by super-posing the lining or protective sheet upon the blank and then simultaneously folding both said sheetand said blank by the aid of a suitable former into the form of a box or carton, overlapping and tucking said flaps during said folding and thereby interfolding the marginal portions of the lining or protective sheet with the flaps of the blank and securing the flaps to hold the package closed, substantially as described.

2. The herein-described box or carton for crackers, biscuit or the like, comprising an internal lining composed of a sheet of protective paper completely enveloping the contents, and an outer sheet of heavier but flexible material having overlapping and interlocking flaps With which the marginal portions of the lining-sheet are interfolded, substantially as described.

3. The herein-described box or carton for biscuit, crackers or the like, comprising an internal protective lining composed of a single continuous or unbroken sheet of material such as waxed paper and an external covering of heavier but flexible material suitably cut and scored to provide overlapping and tucking flaps, said sheets being adapted to be simnltaneously folded While one is superposed upon the other and said flaps being overlapped and tucked and the marginal portions of the lining interfolded therewith and the package thereby secured without extraneous fasteningmeansorperforatingthelining,substantially as described.

4. The herein-described box or carton comprising an internal protective lining composed of a single continuous or unbroken sheet of material, such as waxed paper, and an external covering of heavier material suitably cut and scored to provide overlapping and tucking fiaps, and said lining-sheet being of such dimensions as to provide a top fold adapted when folded to afford a triangular flap of greater length than the width of the box, and to be engaged by the top flap of the external covering and pass therewith into the space between the edges of the front of the covering and the lining-sheet, said flaps being overlapped and tucked and the marginal portions of the lining interfolded therewith and the package thereby secured without extraneous fastening means or perforating the lining,

' substantially as described.

FRANK M. PETERS.

Vitnesses:

FREDERICK C. Goonwnv, IRVINE MILLER.- 

